iindaba

Kule mihla, abantu banikela ingqalelo kukhuseleko oluphantsi lwekhabhoni kunye nokusingqongileyo, ngoko ke xa behombisa, uninzi lwabantu luya kukhetha ezinye iingubo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Namhlanje sithetha kakhulu ngeengubo ezingena manzi ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Iingubo ezingena manzi zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe ziintlobo ezimbini zeengubo: iingubo ezinyibilikayo emanzini (iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini) kunye neengubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi. Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi ngubo zimbini ezingena manzi?

Umahluko phakathi kweengubo ezisekelwe emanzini kunye neengubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi ungachazwa ngokwembono elandelayo:

A. Umahluko kwiinkqubo zokugquma

1. I-resin yahlukile. I-resin yepeyinti esekwe emanzini iyanyibilika emanzini kwaye ingasasazeka (inyibilike) emanzini;

2. I-diluent (i-solvent) yahlukile. Iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini zinokuxutywa nge-DIWater (amanzi anyibilikisiweyo) nangayiphi na indlela, ngelixa iipeyinti ezisekelwe kwi-solvent zinokuxutywa kuphela ngee-organic solvents (i-parafini engenavumba, ioyile emhlophe ekhanyayo, njl.njl.).

B. Iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokwakha i-coating

1. Kwindawo yokwakha, iqondo lokubanda kwamanzi yi-0 °C, ngoko ke iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini azinakusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwe-5 °C, ngelixa iingubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi zinokusetyenziswa ngaphezulu kwe-5 °C, kodwa isantya sokomisa siya kucotha kwaye isithuba phakathi kweendlela siya kwandiswe;

2. Kwi-viscosity yokwakha, isiphumo sokunciphisa i-viscosity yamanzi asisihle, kwaye ipeyinti esekelwe emanzini iya kuba yingxaki xa ixutywe kwaye incitshiswa kwi-viscosity (ukunciphisa i-viscosity kuya kunciphisa kakhulu umxholo oqinileyo wolwelo olusebenzayo lwepeyinti, kuchaphazele amandla okugubungela ipeyinti, kwaye kwandise inani leepasi zokwakha), ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity esekelwe kwi-Solvent kulula ngakumbi, kwaye umda we-viscosity uya kuchaphazela nokukhetha indlela yokwakha;

3. Ukomisa nokunyanga, ipeyinti esekwe emanzini ithambile ngakumbi, umswakama uphezulu kwaye ubushushu buphantsi, ayinakuphiliswa kakuhle, kwaye ixesha lokomisa liyanda, kodwa ukuba ubushushu bufudunyeziwe, ipeyinti esekwe emanzini nayo kufuneka ifudunyezwe nge-gradient, kwaye iya kungena kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu ngoko nangoko. Emva kokuba umphezulu wepeyinti esekwe emanzini womile Ukugcwala komphunga wamanzi wangaphakathi kunokubangela imingxunya okanye ukubhobhoza okukhulu, kuba ngamanzi kuphela asetyenziswa njengesinyibilikisi kwipeyinti esekwe emanzini, kwaye akukho gradient ye-volatilization. Kwizinto zokugquma ezisekwe kwi-solvent, isinyibilikisi senziwe zizinyibilikisi ze-organic ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo okubila, kwaye kukho ii-gradient ezininzi ze-volatilization. Iziganeko ezifanayo aziyi kwenzeka emva kokutsha (ixesha lokomisa emva kokuba ulwakhiwo lugqityiwe ukuya kwixesha lokomisa ngaphambi kokungena kwi-oven).

C. Umahluko ekuhombiseni i-coating emva kokwenziwa kwefilimu

C-1. Ukubonakaliswa okuhlukileyo kokukhazimla

1. Iingubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi zinokulawula ubuncinci beepigment kunye nezizalisi ngokwendlela yokusila, kwaye azilula ukuzenza zibe nkulu ngexesha lokugcina. Ngokongeza iiresins ukulawula i-PVC yokugquma (umlinganiselo we-pigment-to-base), izongezo (ezifana nee-matting agents) ukufezekisa utshintsho kwi-gloss yefilimu yokugquma, I-gloss ingaba yi-matte, i-matte, i-semi-matte, kunye ne-gloss ephezulu. I-gloss yepeyinti yemoto ingaba phezulu ukuya kwi-90% nangaphezulu;

2. Ukubonakaliswa okukhazimlayo kweepeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini akubanzi njengokwepeyinti ezisekelwe kwioyile, kwaye ukubonakala okukhazimlayo okuphezulu akukuhle. Oku kungenxa yokuba amanzi akwipeyinti esekwe emanzini asetyenziswa njengesinyibilikisi. Iimpawu zokuguquguquka kwamanzi zenza kube nzima ukuba iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini zikwazi

iveza ngaphezulu kwe-85% yokukhazimla okuphezulu. .

C-2. Ukubonakaliswa kombala okwahlukileyo

1. Iingubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi zineentlobo ngeentlobo zeepigment kunye nezizalisi, nokuba zezendalo okanye zendalo, ngoko ke imibala eyahlukeneyo inokulungiswa, kwaye ukubonakaliswa kombala kugqwesile;

2. Uluhlu lweepigment kunye nezizalisi zeepeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini zincinci, kwaye uninzi lweepigment eziphilayo azinakusetyenziswa. Ngenxa yethoni yombala engaphelelanga, kunzima ukulungisa imibala etyebileyo njengepeyinti ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi.

D. Ugcino kunye nokuThuthwa

Iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini azinazo izinyibilikisi zendalo ezitshayo, kwaye zikhuselekile ukuzigcina nokuzithutha. Kwimeko yongcoliseko, zingahlanjwa kwaye zixutywe ngamanzi amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini zinemfuneko yobushushu bokugcinwa nokuthuthwa. Ubisi nezinye iingxaki.

E. Ukugqithisa koMsebenzi

Iingubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi ikakhulu ziimveliso zendalo, kwaye iimveliso zendalo ziya kuba neengxaki ezininzi ezifana nokuqhekeka kwetyathanga kunye nokufakwa kwekhabhoni phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu. Okwangoku, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kweemveliso zendalo akudluli kwi-400 °C.

Iingubo ezikhethekileyo ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu ezisebenzisa iiresini ezikhethekileyo ezingaphiliyo kwiingubo ezisekelwe emanzini zinokumelana nobushushu obungamawaka eedigri. Umzekelo, iingubo ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu ze-ZS series azithatheli ingqalelo kuphela iipropati zokulwa nokugqwala kunye nokuchasana ne-oxidation zeengubo zesiqhelo, kodwa zikwaqwalasela nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu ixesha elide, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3000 ℃ Ubushushu obuphezulu, obungenakwenzeka kwiingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent.

G. Umahluko kukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo

Iingubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi zinokuba neengozi zokhuseleko lomlilo nokuqhuma ngexesha lokuveliswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ingakumbi kwiindawo ezixineneyo, zinokubangela ukufuthaniseka nokuqhuma. Kwangaxeshanye, izinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo nazo ziya kubangela umonakalo othile emzimbeni womntu. Ityala elidumileyo yimeko ye-toluene ebangela umhlaza, kwaye i-toluene ayisavumelekanga ukusetyenziswa. I-VOC yeengubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi iphezulu, kwaye iimveliso zesiqhelo ziphezulu nangaphezu kwama-400. Amashishini aphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko xa evelisa kwaye esebenzisa iingubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi.

Iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye zikhuselekile ekuvelisweni, ekuthuthweni, ekugcinweni nasekusetyenzisweni (ngaphandle kweengubo ezisekelwe emanzini ezingachanekanga ezivela kubavelisi abangekho sesikweni).

Isiphelo:

Iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini kunye neengubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zazo. Ngenxa yokuba uphando ngeengubo ezisekelwe emanzini lusakhula, ukusebenza kweengubo ezisekelwe emanzini akunakuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zemveliso yoluntu. Ukusetyenziswa kweengubo ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi kusafuneka. Imeko yokwenyani iyahlalutywa kwaye igwetywe, kwaye ayinakuphikiswa ngenxa yobubi obuthile bohlobo oluthile lwepeyinti. Kukholelwa ukuba ngobunzulu bophando lwesayensi ngeengubo ezisekelwe emanzini, ngenye imini, iingubo ezintsha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo nezikhuselekileyo ziya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuyo yonke indawo yomhlaba.