iindaba

Kule mihla, abantu banikela ingqalelo kwikhabhoni ephantsi kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, ngoko xa behombisa, uninzi lwabantu luya kukhetha ezinye iingubo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo.Namhlanje sithetha ngokuyintloko malunga nokusingqongileyo kokugquma kwamanzi.Iingubo ezingenamanzi zihlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindlela ezimbini zokugquma: iingubo ezinyibilikayo zamanzi (iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini) kunye neengqungquthela ezisekelwe kwi-solvent.Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi mpahla zimbini zokugquma kwamanzi?

Umahluko phakathi kweengubo ezisekelwe emanzini kunye neengqungquthela ezisekelwe kwi-solvent zingachazwa kule mibono ilandelayo:

A. Umahluko kwiinkqubo zokwaleka

1. I-resin yahlukile.I-resin yepeyinti esekelwe emanzini i-soluble yamanzi kwaye inokuchithwa (ichithwa) emanzini;

2. I-diluent (solvent) yahlukile.Iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini zinokuthi zihlanjululwe nge-DIWater (amanzi adibeneyo) nakweyiphi na imilinganiselo, ngelixa iipeyinti ezisekelwe kwi-solvent zingaxutywa kuphela ngee-solvents eziphilayo (i-kerosene engenavumba, ioli emhlophe ekhanyayo, njl.).

B. Iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokwakha zokugquma

1. Kummandla wokwakha, indawo yokukhenkceza yamanzi ngu-0 ° C, ngoko ke i-coatings yamanzi ayinakusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwe-5 ° C, ngelixa i-solvent-based based coatings ingasetyenziswa ngaphezu kwe-5 ° C, kodwa isantya sokumisa siya kucotha. phantsi kwaye ikhefu phakathi kweengoma liya kolulwa;

2. Kwi-viscosity yokwakha, umphumo wokunciphisa i-viscosity wamanzi ubi, kwaye ipeyinti esekelwe emanzini iya kuba yinkathazo xa ihlanjululwe kwaye iyancipha kwi-viscosity (ukunciphisa i-viscosity kuya kunciphisa kakhulu umxholo oqinileyo wepeyinti yokusebenza kwepeyinti, kuchaphazela amandla okugquma ipeyinti, kunye nokwandisa inani lokupasa ukwakhiwa), ukulungiswa kwe-Solvent-based viscosity kukulungele ngakumbi, kwaye umda we-viscosity uya kuchaphazela ukhetho lwendlela yokwakha;

3. Ukomisa kunye nokunyanga, ipeyinti esekelwe emanzini iyancipha ngakumbi, umswakama uphezulu kwaye iqondo lokushisa liphantsi, alikwazi ukuphiliswa kakuhle, kwaye ixesha lokumisa lide, kodwa ukuba ukushisa kushushu, isiseko samanzi. Ipeyinti nayo ifuna ukufudunyezwa kwi-gradient, kwaye iya kungena kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu ngoko nangoko.Emva kokuba umphezulu wepeyinti esekelwe emanzini isomile Ukuphuphuma komphunga wangaphakathi wamanzi kunokubangela i-pinholes okanye i-bubbling enkulu, kuba amanzi kuphela asetyenziswa njenge-diluent kwipeyinti esekelwe emanzini, kwaye akukho gradient ye-volatilization.Kwiingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent, i-diluent yenziwe ngamachiza e-organic aneendawo ezahlukeneyo zokubilisa, kwaye kukho i-volatilization gradients.Iziganeko ezifanayo aziyi kwenzeka emva kokudanyaza (ixesha lokumisa emva kokuba ukwakhiwa kugqitywe ukuya kwixesha lokumisa ngaphambi kokungena kwi-oven).

C. Ukwahluka kwimihlobiso yokugqoka emva kokubunjwa kwefilimu

C-1.Imbonakalo yeglosi eyahlukileyo

1. Iingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent ziyakwazi ukulawula ukucokiseka kwee-pigments kunye nezihlunu ngokugaya, kwaye akulula ukugqithisa ngexesha lokugcinwa.Ngokungongeza ii-resin ukulawula i-PVC yokwambathisa (i-pigment-to-base ratio), izongezo (ezifana ne-matting agents) ukuphumeza utshintsho kwiglosi yefilimu yokugquma, Iglosi ingaba yimatte, i-matte, i-semi-matte, kunye nephezulu- Iglosi.Iglosi yepeyinti yemoto ingaba phezulu njenge-90% okanye ngaphezulu;

2. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-gloss yepeyinti esekelwe emanzini ayibanzi njengepeyinti e-oyile, kwaye imbonakalo ye-gloss ephezulu impofu.Oku kungenxa yokuba amanzi akwipeyinti esekwe emanzini asetyenziswa njenge-diluent.Iimpawu zokuguquguquka kwamanzi zenza kube nzima kwiipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini

chaza ngaphezulu kwe-85% yeglosi ephezulu..

C-2.Imbonakalo yombala eyahlukileyo

1. Iingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent zinoluhlu olubanzi lwee-pigments kunye nezizaliso, nokuba yi-inorganic okanye i-organic, ngoko ke imibala eyahlukeneyo inokulungiswa, kwaye ukubonakaliswa kombala kugqwesileyo;

2. Uluhlu olukhethiweyo lwee-pigments kunye nokuzaliswa kweepeyinti ezisekelwe kumanzi zincinci, kwaye ininzi ye-organic pigments ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa.Ngenxa yethoni yombala engaphelelanga, kunzima ukulungelelanisa imibala ecebileyo njengepeyinti esekelwe kwi-solvent.

D. UGcino noThutho

Iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini azinazo izinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo ezinokutsha, kwaye zikhuselekile ngokwentelekiso ukuzigcina nokuthutha.Kwimeko yongcoliseko, zinokuhlanjwa kwaye zihlanjululwe ngamanzi amaninzi.Nangona kunjalo, iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini zineemfuno zokushisa zokugcina kunye nokuthutha.Ubisi kunye nezinye izifo.

E. Ukugqithiswa koMsebenzi

Iingubo ezisekwe kwi-solvent ubukhulu becala ziyimveliso ye-organic, kwaye iimveliso ze-organic ziya kuba noluhlu lweengxaki ezifana ne-chain scission kunye ne-carbonization phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa.Okwangoku, ubushushu obuphezulu bokumelana neemveliso ze-organic akudluli kwi-400 °C.

Iingubo ezikhethekileyo zokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu zisebenzisa i-resin ezikhethekileyo ze-inorganic kwi-coatings esekwe emanzini zinokumelana namaqondo obushushu angamawaka amaqondo.Umzekelo, uthotho lwe-ZS olunobushushu obunganyangekiyo kumanzi aphantsi kobushushu aluthathi ngqalelo i-anti-corrosion kunye ne-anti-oxidation iipropathi zokwaleka eziqhelekileyo, kodwa kunye nokumelana nobushushu bexesha elide, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3000 ℃ Ubushushu obuphezulu, obu akunakwenzeka kwiingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent.

G. Umahluko kukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo

Iingubo ezisekwe kwi-solvent zineengozi ezinokubakho zokhuseleko lomlilo kunye nokudubula ngexesha lemveliso, ukuthutha, ukugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa.Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezivaliweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba zibangele ukufuthaniseka kunye nokudubula.Kwangaxeshanye, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ziya kubangela umonakalo othile kumzimba womntu.Imeko edume kakhulu yimeko ye-toluene ebangela umhlaza, kwaye i-toluene ayivumelekanga ukuba isetyenziswe.I-VOC yeengubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent iphezulu, kwaye iimveliso eziqhelekileyo zide ziphakame ngaphezu kwe-400. Amashishini aphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nokhuseleko xa kuveliswa kunye nokusebenzisa iingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent.

Iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini zihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye zikhuselekile kwimveliso, ukuthutha, ukugcinwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa (ngaphandle kweengubo ezisekelwe emanzini ezisuka kubenzi abathile abangekho sikweni).

Isiphelo:

Iingubo ezisekelwe emanzini kunye neengqungquthela ezisekelwe kwi-solvent zineenzuzo zabo kunye nokungonakali.Ngenxa yokuba uphando malunga neengubo ezisekelwe emanzini zisakhula, ukusebenza kweengqungquthela zamanzi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zemveliso yentlalo.Ukusetyenziswa kweengubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent kusafuneka.Imeko yangempela ihlalutywa kwaye igwetywe, kwaye ayinakuphikiswa ngenxa yokungalungi okuthile kohlobo oluthile lwepeyinti.Kukholelwa ukuba ngokwenziwa nzulu kophando lwenzululwazi malunga nokwaleka okusekelwe emanzini, ngenye imini, izaleko ezintsha ezikhusela indalo nezikhuselekileyo ziya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuzo zonke iimbombo zomhlaba.